Phase I Research/Design Topic Proposal:
Cockpit Redesign for Accommodation of Disabled Pilots
Chris C. Beeney
January 20, 2019
Embry Riddle Aeronautical University
UNSY 431: Unmanned Systems Human Factors Considerations
Problem Statement
The traditional airplane cockpit is the focus of this redesign proposal. This proposal is
needed because the current cockpit design requires pilots with disabilities to conform to
the cockpit rather than the cockpit conforming to the pilot (Hawkins, 2014). Current
research into ergonomics is meant to take a proactive approach to design rather than a
reactive approach (Salvendy, 2012). This means that systems should be built to accommodate
the user rather than expecting the user to conform to the machine. Cockpits designs are
outdated because they do not consider the needs of those who require the use of prosthetics.
Currently those pilots that have one leg amputation must use their prosthetic leg to control
the rudder and brakes. Those with two leg amputations must additionally use an extra hand
controller in order to control either the brake or rudder plus someone with an amputation above
the knee will need to use a rubber strap that attaches above the knee and controls the pedals
via leg wiggle (Kawkins, 2014). Those with arm amputations must use their prosthetics to
control the yoke. Automation of the cockpit will create a safer system for amputees to operate
without the fear of prosthetic malfunction creating a barrier to flying.
Project Audience
The target audience for this project includes the companies that design and build cockpits as
well as the airlines that buy cockpits in the case of commercial flight. The intended users are
amputees who enjoy flying.
Proposed Methods
Digital control of the airplane should be possible in place of a traditional yoke. The technology is
there for unmanned systems and so it should be easy to implement into a manned system. This method
would suit those with one arm amputation because they can still control the digital yoke with one hand.
Rudder control could be included in this digital control. Voice control for air brake could also be
considered. If both modifications were made then leg amputees would not need to worry about
dancing to control the airplane.
Proposed Supporting Sources
Hawkins, K. (Aug. 14, 2014). How do amputees fly planes? BBC News. Retrieved from
Salvendy, G. (Ed.). (2012). Handbook of human factors and ergonomics. Retrieved from
Reference List
Hawkins, K. (Aug. 14, 2014). How do amputees fly planes? BBC News. Retrieved from
Salvendy, G. (Ed.). (2012). Handbook of human factors and ergonomics. Retrieved from
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